Cell Physiology MCQs with Answers

The process by which cells maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment is called ____.

The organelle that contains enzymes for digesting cellular wastes and foreign materials is the ____.

The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the ____.

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is ____.

The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy is ____.

The process by which cells use sunlight to synthesize organic compounds such as glucose is ____.

The cell organelle that plays a role in apoptosis (programmed cell death) is the ____.

The organelle responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells is the ____.

The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical daughter cells is ____.

The structure within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized is the ____.

The process by which cells make RNA copies of DNA sequences is ____.

The process by which cells degrade old or damaged organelles and macromolecules is ____.

The process by which cells use oxygen to produce ATP is called ____.

The process by which cells convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose) is ____.

The cellular structure that stores genetic information in the form of DNA is the ____.

The organelle responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs and poisons is the ____.

The network of membrane-bound tubes and sacs involved in protein and lipid synthesis is the ____.

The process by which cells engulf large particles, bacteria, or other cells is called ____.

The control center of the cell that contains genetic material is the ____.

The organelle that sorts, modifies, and packages proteins for transport is the ____.

The cell organelle that contains chlorophyll and is responsible for photosynthesis is the ____.

The process by which cells break down glucose to produce ATP is ____.

The process by which cells use energy to move substances against their concentration gradient is ____.

The process by which cells communicate through chemical signals is ____.

The cellular structure responsible for protein synthesis based on instructions from mRNA is the ____.

The process by which mRNA is decoded to produce a specific sequence of amino acids is ____.

The structure responsible for protein synthesis in cells is the ____.

The cell organelle that stores water, ions, nutrients, and wastes is the ____.

The outermost structure of a plant cell that provides shape and rigidity is the ____.

The process by which cells take in small particles or fluids from the surrounding environment is ____.

The process by which cells absorb and integrate extracellular molecules and particles is ____.

The organelles that conduct photosynthesis in plant cells are ____.

The process by which cells secrete substances outside the cell is called ____.

The process by which cells replicate their DNA to ensure genetic continuity during cell division is ____.

The process by which cells use oxygen to break down glucose and produce ATP is ____.

The cell structure that acts as a selective barrier, regulating the passage of materials into and out of the cell is the ____.

The process by which cells replicate their DNA before cell division is ____.

The organelle responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in cells is the ____.

The process by which cells convert glucose into pyruvate molecules is ____.

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration is ____.