Microbial Physiology and Metabolism MCQs with Answers

adminJune 13, 2024Last Updated: October 15, 2024

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Welcome to the Microbial Physiology and Metabolism MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Online Test for different competitive exams. Find practice Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Practice Questions with answers in Biology Tests exams here. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Microbial Physiology and Metabolism.

The approach to microbial physiology and metabolism is the foundation of microbiology: how microorganisms live in their environment, how they acquire energy and products. While the information does not have direct biotechnological, medical, or environmental science applications, it is crucial.

This comprises the physical and biochemical activities of microbes, that explain how they grow, develop, and respond to different conditions. Microbial physiology includes all mechanisms associated with cell structure, functions of enzymes, uptake of nutrients, as well as waste removal. Techniques that employ spectroscopy and chromatography make it easier to analyze microbial cellular constituents as well as their interactions.

Microbial metabolism is the biochemical process by which a microbe breaks nutrients into cellular materials and energy. Among these are glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation that involved energy production. Besides all this, microbes digest nutrients through anaerobic respiration and fermentation to survive in an oxygen-limited environment.

A study of microbial metabolism reveals what microbes contribute to the biogeochemical cycles, including carbon and nitrogen. Such knowledge is important for applications, such as bioremediation, in which microbes are put to work cleaning up contaminants from the environment, and biotechnology, in which engineered microbes are used to create biofuels and pharmaceuticals.

Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Online Quiz

By presenting 3 options to choose from, Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Quiz which cover a wide range of topics and levels of difficulty, making them adaptable to various learning objectives and preferences. You will have to read all the given answers of Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Questions and Answers and click over the correct answer.

Test Name: Microbial Physiology and Metabolism MCQ Quiz Practice
Type: Quiz Test
Total Questions: 40
Total Marks: 40
Time: 40 minutes

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Microbial Physiology and Metabolism

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1 / 40

Which process allows bacteria to move toward or away from chemical gradients in their environment?

Aerotaxis

Phototaxis

Chemotaxis

2 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the oxidation of fatty acids to generate acetyl-CoA molecules?

Beta-oxidation

Glycolysis

Pentose phosphate pathway

3 / 40

What type of transport system in bacteria involves the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy from ATP?

Passive transport

Active transport

Facilitated diffusion

4 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2?

Pyruvate oxidation

Calvin cycle

Glycolysis

5 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria regulate their internal osmotic pressure by actively pumping out ions?

Osmoregulation

Feedback inhibition

Homeostasis

6 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria exchange genetic material through direct cell-to-cell contact?

Transduction

Conjugation

Transformation

7 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during bacterial respiration?

ATP synthase

Adenylate cyclase

DNA polymerase

8 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the conversion of ammonia into nitrite and nitrate in bacteria?

Nitrogen fixation

Nitrification

Denitrification

9 / 40

What is the primary function of bacteriorhodopsin in halophilic archaea?

ATP synthesis

Nitrogen fixation

Light absorption

10 / 40

Which enzyme is involved in the fixation of carbon dioxide during bacterial photosynthesis?

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO)

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

ATP synthase

11 / 40

Which process involves the breakdown of glucose to produce two molecules of pyruvate?

Glycolysis

Calvin cycle

Krebs cycle

12 / 40

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in bacteria?

Oxidase

Amylase

Catalase

13 / 40

What type of respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, producing lactic acid or ethanol as end products?

Aerobic respiration

Photosynthesis

Anaerobic respiration

14 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3) in nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

Amylase

Dehydrogenase

Nitrogenase

15 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the conversion of acetyl-CoA to fatty acids in bacteria?

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

Fatty acid synthesis

16 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH?

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

Pentose phosphate pathway

17 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP) in bacteria?

Adenylate cyclase

Peptidase

ATP synthase

18 / 40

What is the primary function of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in bacteria?

Synthesis of amino acids

Generation of reducing equivalents

ATP production

19 / 40

What is the primary function of bacteriochlorophyll in anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria?

ATP synthesis

Carbon fixation

Light absorption

20 / 40

Which process involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia?

Nitrification

Nitrogen fixation

Denitrification

21 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose in bacteria?

Protease

Lipase

Sucrase

22 / 40

What is the primary function of bacterial flagella?

DNA replication

Locomotion

ATP synthesis

23 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria transfer genetic material via viruses?

Conjugation

Transformation

Transduction

24 / 40

What is the primary energy source used by phototrophic bacteria for photosynthesis?

Organic compounds

Hydrogen sulfide

Sunlight

25 / 40

Which molecule serves as the primary electron carrier in bacterial electron transport chains?

NADH

ATP

FADH2

26 / 40

Which process involves the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane in response to solute concentration differences?

Diffusion

Active transport

Osmosis

27 / 40

Which process involves the synthesis of ATP using energy derived from the flow of protons across a membrane?

Chemiosmosis

Fermentation

Glycolysis

28 / 40

Which molecule is synthesized during the light-dependent reactions of bacterial photosynthesis?

Glucose

ATP

NADPH

29 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template?

Translation

Transcription

Replication

30 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the reduction of nitrate to nitrite in bacteria?

Nitrogen fixation

Nitrification

Nitrate reduction

31 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of lactose into glucose and galactose in bacteria?

Urease

Beta-galactosidase

Amylase

32 / 40

What is the primary function of the pentose phosphate pathway in bacteria?

Nucleotide synthesis

Fatty acid synthesis

ATP production

33 / 40

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of starch into maltose and glucose in bacteria?

Lipase

Amylase

Protease

34 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria take up DNA from their environment?

Transformation

Conjugation

Transduction

35 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria regulate their internal pH by pumping out protons?

Acidogenesis

Chemotaxis

Acid resistance

36 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria convert nitrate to nitrogen gas?

Nitrogen fixation

Denitrification

Nitrification

37 / 40

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template in bacteria?

DNA ligase

RNA polymerase

Reverse transcriptase

38 / 40

Which metabolic pathway converts glucose into pyruvate?

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

Calvin cycle

39 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the oxidation of amino acids to produce ammonia in bacteria?

Krebs cycle

Amino acid metabolism

Glycolysis

40 / 40

What is the primary function of gas vesicles in aquatic bacteria?

ATP synthesis

Nitrogen fixation

Buoyancy

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adminJune 13, 2024Last Updated: October 15, 2024

0 20 2 minutes read