Microbial Physiology MCQs with Answers

adminJune 13, 2024Last Updated: October 15, 2024

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Welcome to the Microbial Physiology MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Microbial Physiology Online Test for different competitive exams. Find practice Microbial Physiology Practice Questions with answers in Biology Tests exams here. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Microbial Physiology .

Microbial physiology pertains to that subsection of microbiology discussing the physical, biochemical, and metabolic functions occurring in microorganisms. In all matters relating to growth pattern, metabolism, uptake of nutrients, and interactions with the environment, microbial physiology may give some insights into the fundamental bases responsible for life in microbes.

The core aspects of microbial physiology include microbial metabolism, cellular respiration, and nutrition uptake. The scientists elaborate on the ways in which microorganisms absorb various substrates; the means by which they produce energy, synthesize essential cell components, and how they survive in a specific environment, from extreme habitats to human hosts.

Microbial physiology can be studied with advanced techniques including spectroscopy, chromatography, and molecular assays. These allow scientists to understand enzyme activity and regulation of metabolic pathways and gene expression. For example, studies concerning microbial metabolism help understand how microbes may be involved in biogeochemical cycles, like carbon or nitrogen cycles that are vital to the health of any ecosystem.

Microbial physiology is very important in several applied fields. In biotechnology, it informs the development of the microbial strains for a range of industrial applications like bioremediation and fermentation. In medicine, it helps understand the behavior of pathogens, hence better strategies for combating infections and developing the antibiotics.

Microbial Physiology Online Quiz

By presenting 3 options to choose from, Microbial Physiology Quiz which cover a wide range of topics and levels of difficulty, making them adaptable to various learning objectives and preferences. You will have to read all the given answers of Microbial Physiology Questions and Answers and click over the correct answer.

Test Name: Microbial Physiology MCQ Quiz Practice
Type: Quiz Test
Total Questions: 40
Total Marks: 40
Time: 40 minutes

Note: Answer of the questions will change randomly each time you start the test. Practice each quiz test at least 3 times if you want to secure High Marks. Once you are finished, click the View Results button. If any answer looks wrong to you in Quizzes. simply click on question and comment below that question. so that we can update the answer in the quiz section.

Microbial Physiology

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1 / 40

Chemolithotrophs obtain energy from ____.

Inorganic compounds

Light

Organic compounds

2 / 40

Bacteria that grow optimally at pH below 5.5 are called ____.

Acidophiles

Neutrophiles

Alkaliphiles

3 / 40

Bacteria that require oxygen for growth but at concentrations less than atmospheric levels are called ____.

Microaerophiles

Obligate aerobes

Facultative anaerobes

4 / 40

The enzyme responsible for bacterial DNA replication is ____.

Ligase

DNA polymerase

RNA polymerase

5 / 40

During which phase of bacterial growth does the rate of growth equal the rate of death?

Stationary phase

Lag phase

Log phase

6 / 40

The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form is known as ____.

Denitrification

Nitrification

Nitrogen fixation

7 / 40

The smallest and simplest form of life is ____.

Viroid

Bacteria

Virus

8 / 40

The process by which bacteria reproduce asexually is called ____.

Binary fission

Conjugation

Transformation

9 / 40

The enzyme responsible for transcribing RNA from DNA in bacteria is ____.

DNA ligase

RNA polymerase

Helicase

10 / 40

Bacteria that grow optimally at temperatures above 80°C are called ____.

Psychrophiles

Thermophiles

Mesophiles

11 / 40

The bacterial cell wall is mainly composed of ____.

Cellulose

Chitin

Peptidoglycan

12 / 40

The process by which bacteria take up DNA from their environment is called ____.

Transformation

Conjugation

Transduction

13 / 40

Which bacterial structure provides resistance to desiccation and chemicals?

Capsule

Endospore

Flagellum

14 / 40

Cyanobacteria are unique among bacteria because they ____.

Are obligate anaerobes

Perform oxygenic photosynthesis

Can fix nitrogen

15 / 40

The process by which bacteria regulate the movement of water across their cell membrane is ____.

Active transport

Osmoregulation

Osmosis

16 / 40

Bacteria that require high concentrations of salt for growth are called ____.

Halophiles

Osmophiles

Xerophiles

17 / 40

Bacteria that obtain energy from organic compounds and carbon from inorganic sources are called ____.

Photoautotrophs

Chemoheterotrophs

Chemoautotrophs

18 / 40

The process by which bacteria move towards or away from certain stimuli is called ____.

Phototaxis

Chemotaxis

Magnetotaxis

19 / 40

Bacteria that can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen but prefer oxygen if available are called ____.

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Obligate anaerobes

Facultative anaerobes

20 / 40

Bacteria that can live and grow in the presence or absence of oxygen are called ____.

Obligate anaerobes

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Facultative anaerobes

21 / 40

Bacterial ribosomes are composed of ____.

60S

80S

70S

22 / 40

Which bacterial structure is involved in motility?

Capsule

Flagellum

Endospore

23 / 40

Which of the following is NOT a method of microbial locomotion?

Pili

Endocytosis

Flagella

24 / 40

Bacterial flagella are composed of ____.

Flagellin

Peptidoglycan

Lipopolysaccharides

25 / 40

The bacterial cell membrane is selectively permeable due to the presence of ____.

Sterols

Cell wall

Phospholipid bilayer

26 / 40

The movement of substances across the bacterial cell membrane from high to low concentration without the use of energy is ____.

Passive diffusion

Active transport

Facilitated diffusion

27 / 40

The enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in bacteria is ____.

Superoxide dismutase

Peroxidase

Catalase

28 / 40

The process by which bacteria form a protective barrier to survive adverse conditions is called ____.

Sporulation

Transformation

Conjugation

29 / 40

The process by which bacteria generate ATP using energy derived from light is called ____.

Glycolysis

Oxidative phosphorylation

Photophosphorylation

30 / 40

The enzyme responsible for fixing atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia is ____.

Nitrite reductase

Nitrogenase

Nitrate reductase

31 / 40

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics can occur due to ____.

Efflux pumps

Biofilm formation

Beta-lactamases

32 / 40

The primary function of bacterial pili is ____.

Motility

Protection

Adherence to surfaces

33 / 40

The bacterial cell membrane is primarily composed of ____.

Phospholipids

Chitin

Peptidoglycan

34 / 40

The bacterial structure that allows some bacteria to adhere to surfaces is ____.

Pili

Capsule

Flagellum

35 / 40

The term "generation time" refers to ____.

Time required for bacterial population to double

Time required for conjugation

Time required for sporulation

36 / 40

The process of transferring genetic material from one bacterium to another through direct cell-to-cell contact is called ____.

Conjugation

Transduction

Transformation

37 / 40

The molecule used by bacteria to store excess carbon and energy is ____.

Starch

Glycogen

Polyhydroxybutyrate

38 / 40

The process by which bacteria break down organic compounds to obtain energy is ____.

Photosynthesis

Fermentation

Respiration

39 / 40

Bacteria that live in extreme environments such as hot springs are called ____.

Psychrophiles

Mesophiles

Extremophiles

40 / 40

The Gram-negative outer membrane is mainly composed of ____.

Peptidoglycan

Teichoic acids

Lipopolysaccharides

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adminJune 13, 2024Last Updated: October 15, 2024

0 47 2 minutes read