Microbial Physiology and Metabolism MCQs with Answers

adminJune 13, 2024Last Updated: October 15, 2024

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Welcome to the Microbial Physiology and Metabolism MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Online Test for different competitive exams. Find practice Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Practice Questions with answers in Biology Tests exams here. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Microbial Physiology and Metabolism.

The approach to microbial physiology and metabolism is the foundation of microbiology: how microorganisms live in their environment, how they acquire energy and products. While the information does not have direct biotechnological, medical, or environmental science applications, it is crucial.

This comprises the physical and biochemical activities of microbes, that explain how they grow, develop, and respond to different conditions. Microbial physiology includes all mechanisms associated with cell structure, functions of enzymes, uptake of nutrients, as well as waste removal. Techniques that employ spectroscopy and chromatography make it easier to analyze microbial cellular constituents as well as their interactions.

Microbial metabolism is the biochemical process by which a microbe breaks nutrients into cellular materials and energy. Among these are glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation that involved energy production. Besides all this, microbes digest nutrients through anaerobic respiration and fermentation to survive in an oxygen-limited environment.

A study of microbial metabolism reveals what microbes contribute to the biogeochemical cycles, including carbon and nitrogen. Such knowledge is important for applications, such as bioremediation, in which microbes are put to work cleaning up contaminants from the environment, and biotechnology, in which engineered microbes are used to create biofuels and pharmaceuticals.

Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Online Quiz

By presenting 3 options to choose from, Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Quiz which cover a wide range of topics and levels of difficulty, making them adaptable to various learning objectives and preferences. You will have to read all the given answers of Microbial Physiology and Metabolism Questions and Answers and click over the correct answer.

Test Name: Microbial Physiology and Metabolism MCQ Quiz Practice
Type: Quiz Test
Total Questions: 40
Total Marks: 40
Time: 40 minutes

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Microbial Physiology and Metabolism

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1 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the reduction of nitrate to nitrite in bacteria?

Nitrogen fixation

Nitrification

Nitrate reduction

2 / 40

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template in bacteria?

Reverse transcriptase

RNA polymerase

DNA ligase

3 / 40

What is the primary function of bacterial flagella?

ATP synthesis

Locomotion

DNA replication

4 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template?

Transcription

Translation

Replication

5 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP) in bacteria?

ATP synthase

Adenylate cyclase

Peptidase

6 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the conversion of ammonia into nitrite and nitrate in bacteria?

Nitrification

Nitrogen fixation

Denitrification

7 / 40

Which molecule is synthesized during the light-dependent reactions of bacterial photosynthesis?

NADPH

ATP

Glucose

8 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria regulate their internal osmotic pressure by actively pumping out ions?

Homeostasis

Feedback inhibition

Osmoregulation

9 / 40

Which enzyme is involved in the fixation of carbon dioxide during bacterial photosynthesis?

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO)

ATP synthase

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

10 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria transfer genetic material via viruses?

Conjugation

Transformation

Transduction

11 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2?

Pyruvate oxidation

Calvin cycle

Glycolysis

12 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria take up DNA from their environment?

Transduction

Transformation

Conjugation

13 / 40

What is the primary energy source used by phototrophic bacteria for photosynthesis?

Organic compounds

Sunlight

Hydrogen sulfide

14 / 40

Which process involves the synthesis of ATP using energy derived from the flow of protons across a membrane?

Glycolysis

Fermentation

Chemiosmosis

15 / 40

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of starch into maltose and glucose in bacteria?

Amylase

Lipase

Protease

16 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria exchange genetic material through direct cell-to-cell contact?

Conjugation

Transformation

Transduction

17 / 40

What is the primary function of bacteriorhodopsin in halophilic archaea?

Light absorption

Nitrogen fixation

ATP synthesis

18 / 40

What type of respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, producing lactic acid or ethanol as end products?

Aerobic respiration

Photosynthesis

Anaerobic respiration

19 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the oxidation of amino acids to produce ammonia in bacteria?

Glycolysis

Amino acid metabolism

Krebs cycle

20 / 40

Which process involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia?

Denitrification

Nitrification

Nitrogen fixation

21 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of nitrogen gas (N2) into ammonia (NH3) in nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

Dehydrogenase

Nitrogenase

Amylase

22 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to ribose-5-phosphate and NADPH?

Krebs cycle

Glycolysis

Pentose phosphate pathway

23 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria regulate their internal pH by pumping out protons?

Acidogenesis

Chemotaxis

Acid resistance

24 / 40

What is the primary function of gas vesicles in aquatic bacteria?

Buoyancy

ATP synthesis

Nitrogen fixation

25 / 40

What is the name of the process by which bacteria convert nitrate to nitrogen gas?

Nitrification

Denitrification

Nitrogen fixation

26 / 40

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in bacteria?

Amylase

Oxidase

Catalase

27 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of lactose into glucose and galactose in bacteria?

Urease

Amylase

Beta-galactosidase

28 / 40

Which molecule serves as the primary electron carrier in bacterial electron transport chains?

NADH

ATP

FADH2

29 / 40

Which process involves the breakdown of glucose to produce two molecules of pyruvate?

Krebs cycle

Calvin cycle

Glycolysis

30 / 40

Which process involves the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane in response to solute concentration differences?

Diffusion

Osmosis

Active transport

31 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose in bacteria?

Protease

Lipase

Sucrase

32 / 40

Which metabolic pathway converts glucose into pyruvate?

Calvin cycle

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

33 / 40

What is the primary function of the pentose phosphate pathway in bacteria?

Nucleotide synthesis

Fatty acid synthesis

ATP production

34 / 40

What is the primary function of bacteriochlorophyll in anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria?

Light absorption

Carbon fixation

ATP synthesis

35 / 40

What is the primary function of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in bacteria?

Synthesis of amino acids

ATP production

Generation of reducing equivalents

36 / 40

What type of transport system in bacteria involves the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy from ATP?

Passive transport

Active transport

Facilitated diffusion

37 / 40

Which enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during bacterial respiration?

Adenylate cyclase

DNA polymerase

ATP synthase

38 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the oxidation of fatty acids to generate acetyl-CoA molecules?

Pentose phosphate pathway

Glycolysis

Beta-oxidation

39 / 40

Which process allows bacteria to move toward or away from chemical gradients in their environment?

Chemotaxis

Phototaxis

Aerotaxis

40 / 40

Which metabolic pathway involves the conversion of acetyl-CoA to fatty acids in bacteria?

Krebs cycle

Fatty acid synthesis

Glycolysis

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adminJune 13, 2024Last Updated: October 15, 2024

0 43 2 minutes read