Population Genetics MCQs with Answers

adminApril 3, 2024

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Welcome to the Population Genetics MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Population Genetics Online Test for different competitive exams. Find practice Population Genetics Practice Questions with answers in Biology Tests exams here. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Population Genetics.

Population genetics is a crucial field in evolutionary biology that examines the distribution and changes in frequency of alleles within populations. It seeks to understand how genetic variation is influenced by factors such as mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. This discipline provides insights into the mechanisms driving evolution and the genetic structure of populations.

One key concept in population genetics is genetic variation, which refers to the diversity of gene frequencies within a population. This variation is essential for the adaptive potential of populations, enabling them to respond to environmental changes. Mutations introduce new alleles, while natural selection favors those that enhance survival and reproduction. Genetic drift—random changes in allele frequencies—can lead to significant genetic shifts, especially in small populations. Gene flow, or the transfer of genes between populations, also contributes to genetic diversity.

Population genetics employs mathematical models and statistical methods to analyze allele frequency data. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a fundamental principle used to describe a population that is not evolving. Deviations from this equilibrium can indicate the presence of evolutionary forces at work.

Understanding population genetics is vital for fields such as conservation biology, medicine, and agriculture. It helps in identifying genetic factors associated with diseases, developing conservation strategies for endangered species, and improving crop yields through selective breeding.

Population Genetics Online Quiz

By presenting 3 options to choose from, Population Genetics Quiz which cover a wide range of topics and levels of difficulty, making them adaptable to various learning objectives and preferences. You will have to read all the given answers of Population Genetics Questions and Answers and click over the correct answer.

Test Name: Population Genetics MCQ Quiz Practice
Type: Quiz Test
Total Questions: 40
Total Marks: 40
Time: 40 minutes

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Population Genetics

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1 / 40

What does "p" represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Frequency of the recessive allele

Frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Frequency of the dominant allele

2 / 40

Which type of genetic drift occurs when a small group splits off from a larger population?

Gene flow

Founder effect

Bottleneck effect

3 / 40

What is the equation used to calculate genotype frequencies in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

p + q = 1

p^2 + q^2 = 1

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

4 / 40

What type of selection maintains two or more phenotypic forms in a population?

Balancing selection

Stabilizing selection

Directional selection

5 / 40

What is the term for a change in DNA sequence?

Mutation

Genetic drift

Gene flow

6 / 40

What does "q" represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype

Frequency of the dominant allele

Frequency of the recessive allele

7 / 40

Which term describes a reduction in genetic diversity due to a dramatic reduction in population size?

Gene flow

Founder effect

Bottleneck effect

8 / 40

What is the effect called when a new allele arises in a population?

Genetic drift

Gene flow

Mutation

9 / 40

What is the primary source of genetic variation in populations?

Natural selection

Mutation

Genetic drift

10 / 40

Which factor does not disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Random mating

Gene flow

Genetic drift

11 / 40

Which term describes the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a small population?

Gene flow

Mutation

Genetic drift

12 / 40

Which principle describes how allele and genotype frequencies remain constant in a population?

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Gene flow

Genetic drift

13 / 40

What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle require for a population to remain in equilibrium?

Non-random mating

Small population size

No mutation

14 / 40

What does a high degree of heterozygosity in a population indicate?

Genetic diversity

Inbreeding

Genetic drift

15 / 40

What is the term for the total collection of genes in a population at any one time?

Gene pool

Genotype frequency

Allele frequency

16 / 40

Which effect occurs when a large population is suddenly reduced in size?

Gene flow

Founder effect

Bottleneck effect

17 / 40

Which process increases genetic variation by introducing new alleles into a population?

Stabilizing selection

Genetic drift

Mutation

18 / 40

What is the term for the proportion of a specific allele among all alleles in a population?

Phenotype frequency

Genotype frequency

Allele frequency

19 / 40

What does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assume about mating in the population?

Inbreeding

Non-random mating

Random mating

20 / 40

Which process describes the movement of individuals or their gametes between populations?

Gene flow

Mutation

Genetic drift

21 / 40

Which form of selection favors one extreme phenotype over the others?

Disruptive selection

Directional selection

Stabilizing selection

22 / 40

What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

q^2

p^2

2pq

23 / 40

Which type of natural selection favors extreme phenotypes over intermediate phenotypes?

Directional selection

Stabilizing selection

Disruptive selection

24 / 40

Which factor is not assumed by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Non-random mating

No mutation

No gene flow

25 / 40

What is the name of the process where allele frequencies change due to differential reproductive success?

Natural selection

Genetic drift

Mutation

26 / 40

What type of selection occurs when environmental changes favor individuals at one end of the phenotypic range?

Disruptive selection

Directional selection

Stabilizing selection

27 / 40

Which term describes differences in the reproductive success of individuals due to variation in their traits?

Mutation

Genetic drift

Natural selection

28 / 40

What is the term for a population in which individuals are more likely to mate with relatives?

Outbreeding

Random mating

Inbreeding

29 / 40

What is the result of non-random mating within a population?

Changes in genotype frequencies

Genetic drift

Changes in allele frequencies

30 / 40

What is the term for a measure of an organism's reproductive success?

Fitness

Selection

Adaptation

31 / 40

Which form of natural selection favors the average phenotype in a population?

Stabilizing selection

Directional selection

Disruptive selection

32 / 40

Which factor can cause changes in allele frequencies due to random sampling?

Genetic drift

Mutation

Natural selection

33 / 40

What is the primary mechanism by which allele frequencies change due to random sampling?

Natural selection

Gene flow

Genetic drift

34 / 40

What is the term for the transfer of alleles from one population to another?

Natural selection

Genetic drift

Gene flow

35 / 40

What is the result of stabilizing selection on a population's genetic variation?

Maintained variation

Decreased variation

Increased variation

36 / 40

What is the term for the phenomenon where the allele frequencies change due to the introduction of new individuals?

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Bottleneck effect

37 / 40

What is the effect called when a few individuals start a new population with a different allele frequency?

Founder effect

Gene flow

Bottleneck effect

38 / 40

What is the term for the decrease in fitness due to mating between closely related individuals?

Genetic load

Inbreeding depression

Outbreeding depression

39 / 40

What is the consequence of a population bottleneck?

Reduced genetic variation

Increased mutation rate

Increased population size

40 / 40

What is the expected genotype frequency of heterozygotes in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

q^2

p^2

2pq

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adminApril 3, 2024

0 27 2 minutes read